فيروس "شيكونغونيا" في الصين: توضيحات خبير في علم الفيروسات حول طرق العدوى وإمكانية انتقاله إلى تونس

نشر في باب نات يوم 08 - 08 - 2025

استضاف برنامج على إذاعة الديوان أف أم، المختص في علم الفيروسات الدكتور محجوب العوني، لتقديم قراءة علمية حول حقيقة انتشار فيروس شيكونغونيا في الصين، بعد التحذير الذي أصدره مركز السيطرة على الأمراض الأميركي (CDC) في مطلع أوت، إثر تسجيل آلاف الإصابات في مقاطعة قوانغدونغ، وخاصة في مدينة فوشان.
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ماهية الفيروس وطرق انتقاله
أوضح الدكتور العوني أن شيكونغونيا هو فيروس معروف منذ سنوات، وليس جديدًا على الوسط العلمي، ينتمي إلى عائلة فيروسات محددة، وينتقل فقط عبر لسعة نوع معين من البعوض الحامل للعدوى، ولا ينتقل مباشرة من شخص إلى آخر.
وأضاف أن البعوض الناقل يتكاثر في المناطق الرطبة والمياه الراكدة، وأن العدوى تحصل في الغالب خلال فترات النهار، خاصة في الصباح الباكر وعند الغروب.
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الوضع في الصين
بيّن الخبير أن الحالات المعلنة في الصين متركزة في مناطق محددة، وأن التفشي مرتبط بارتفاع أعداد البعوض في ظل عوامل مناخية ملائمة، مثل الأمطار والرطوبة. وأشار إلى أن انتشار الفيروس هناك لا يعني بالضرورة تحوله إلى وباء عالمي، إذ يمكن احتواؤه عبر مكافحة البعوض وتحسين النظافة البيئية.
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الأعراض لدى المصاب
تظهر الأعراض بين يومين وعشرة أيام بعد لسعة البعوض الحامل، وتشمل:
* ارتفاع شديد في درجة الحرارة
* آلام حادة في المفاصل والعضلات
* طفح جلدي واحمرار في العينين
وأوضح العوني أن الفيروس نادراً ما يؤدي إلى الوفاة، لكن العدوى قد تسبب إنهاكًا شديدًا للمصاب.
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الوضع في تونس
أكد الدكتور العوني أن البعوض الناقل للفيروس موجود في تونس، لكن لم تُسجّل أي إصابة بشرية بهذا الفيروس في البلاد حتى الآن، مشيرًا إلى أن الخطر يكمن فقط في حال وصول مصاب من الخارج، وهو ما يمكن منعه عبر إجراءات المراقبة الصحية والقضاء على أماكن تكاثر البعوض.
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توصيات للمسافرين إلى الصين
دعا الخبير التونسيين الذين ينوون السفر إلى المناطق الموبوءة في الصين إلى:
* تجنب التعرض للسعات البعوض باستعمال المواد الطاردة
* النوم تحت الناموسيات
* تفادي التواجد في أماكن رطبة أو قريبة من مياه راكدة
* الالتزام بتوصيات منظمة الصحة العالمية بشأن الوقاية من لسعات البعوض
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